Abstract
This research examines the multifaceted phenomenon of underemployment within the Iraqi economy, positioning it as a critical crisis rooted in structural, technical, and policy-driven imbalances. The study argues that underemployment in Iraq—often characterized by a surplus of labor that exceeds actual productive needs—is not merely a result of economic cycles but is deeply influenced by the "technical environment" and flawed socio-political strategies. The author analyzes the gap between the outputs of the educational system and the actual requirements of the labor market. Despite an influx of university graduates, the economy's reliance on a rentier model (primarily oil revenues) and a stagnant private sector has led to "disguised unemployment," where individuals hold jobs that do not utilize their full capacity or contribute effectively to the GDP. The paper explores the socio-economic repercussions of this trend, including increased poverty, psychological strain on the workforce, and political instability. The research concludes by emphasizing the need for a multifaceted policy approach. Key recommendations include aligning educational curricula with market demands, revitalizing the industrial and agricultural sectors to diversify income, and fostering a legislative environment that encourages private investment to absorb the growing labor force.
DOI
10.33095/jeas.v19i71.835
Subject Area
Economics
First Page
215
Last Page
225
Recommended Citation
Fattah, A. M. (2013). Unemployment Between Technical Environmental Requirements and Socio-Policy Fallacies. Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences, 19(71), 215-225. https://doi.org/10.33095/jeas.v19i71.835
