The effect of deficiencies in the standards and tools used for the management of the banking system in the emergence of the financial crisis by focusing on the Basel 1and 2

Abstract

The banking industry, as a result of the great challenges it faced, required continuous development of the principles of management, control and mechanisms used. The Basel Committee on Banking Supervision has played a leading role in legalizing many of these developments and has been able to contribute significantly to establishing a common framework for banking supervision, The central role in the various countries of the world is based on coordination between the various regulatory authorities and thinking about finding mechanisms to confront the risks faced by banks, recognizing the importance of the banking sector in the stability of domestic and international banking systems or the danger of this sector in the emergence of Financial crises, and was the first to issue the Basel II agreement, which developed a package of new standards for capital adequacy and banking supervision that should prevail in the international banking system. This reform became a standard of financial safety for banks, and compliance with these conditions became an essential element in determining the creditworthiness of countries and their banks.

 The importance of research stems from the fact that it highlights an area of ​​knowledge that reaches the boundaries of administrative science and economic sciences, especially the intellectual foundations of banking and banking management. It aims to investigate the causes of recurring financial crises due to the lack of standards and tools used by central banks and commercial banks to manage the banking system, as well as to identify gaps in Basel I and II to devise effective early warning indicators to avoid new financial crises.