The Impact of E-Commerce on Digital Marketing Hopes And Ambitions: A Case Study in Airline Reservation Offices in Iraq
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33095/y6mzns54Abstract
Purpose: The current study aims to identify the impact of e-commerce with digital marketing in airline reservation offices in the Republic of Iraq. The study consists of two main variables: the independent variable that included e-commerce, which consisted of four dimensions: Business-to-Business, Consumer-to-Business, and Consumer-to. - Consumer, Business-to-Government, and the dependent variable represents digital marketing, the dimensions of which are: website design, social media marketing, search engine optimization, and email marketing.
Theoretical Framework: Upon on Maaroof, A. (2021) This study highlights the importance of e-commerce and digital marketing, such as booking corners during digital transactions in airline reservation offices, as well as the most important challenges facing customers and reservation offices.
Design/ Methodology/ Approach: As for the practical aspect, the airline reservation offices were taken and included the governorates (Nineveh, Erbil, Dohuk, Kirkuk, Tikrit and Baghdad), and 250 questionnaires were accepted as valid questionnaires and were analyzed accordingly. To determine the relationship between the study variables, two main hypotheses and sub-hypotheses were proposed and tested using several statistical methods in Analysis of Moment Structures AMOS (V.24).
Findings The results emphasize that there is a positive correlation and impact between all dimensions of e-commerce (Business-to-Business, Consumer-to-Business, Consumer-to-Consumer and Business-to-Government). The results also showed that activating the role of e-commerce has a positive impact on digital marketing at airline reservation offices in the Republic of Iraq.
Research Implications: In addition, the study presented several recommendations for airline booking companies. For example, there is an increased interest in airline reservation companies to adopt the philosophy of e-commerce, as it has an impact on increasing market share, which ensures their continuity and success.
Originality/Value: Originality/value: This study works to enhance the adaptation of e-commerce applications for airline reservation companies in the Republic of Iraq through customers’ use of applications, and in addition to bridging the digital divide, which is the feeling of many customers’ anxiety about using applications.
Downloads
References
MAAROOF, A. (2021). The Brand distentions and the extent of its Effect on the Purchase Decision/An Exploratory Study for a Sample of Consumer of Nissan Motor Cars company in Turkey. Tanmiyat Al-Rafidain, 40(130), 349-365.
Yu, J. & Yu, H. (2022). Research on C2C E-Commerce Taxation Based on Mixed Decision Game. Journal of Global Information Management (JGIM), 30(3), 1-14. http://Doi.org/10.4018/JGIM.20220701.oa8
Nora, C. L. H. (2023). Qualitative and quantitative methods as applied to international migration. In Methodological approaches in integrated geography (pp. 99-114). Cham: Springer International Publishing. DOI - 10.1007/978-3-031-28784-8_7
Amin, B. (2017) “Impact of Digital Marketing as a Tool of Marketing Communication: A Behavioral Perspective on Consumers of Bangladesh”, American Journal of Trade and Policy, 4(3), pp. 117-122.
ALTITI, K. (2008). E- Commerce: From a Direct and Administrative Technical Perspective, Dar Al-Hamid for Publishing and Distribution, Amman, Jordan.
Hani, L. (2014). Assessing the Extent of Compatibility between Accounting Information Systems and the Requirements of E-Commerce in the Services Sector, Accounting Department - College of Business, Amman Arab University.
Kaur, G. (2019). Traditional Commerce vs. E-Commerce, International Research Journal of Management Science & Technology, 2, (3).
BOLDUREANU, G. (2005). E-Commerce Versus Traditional Commerce: Trends, Similarities, Differences, Economic and Business Administration, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, Iaşi, Romania.
MNDZEBELE, A. (2016). The Relationship between e-Commerce Adoption and Competition in the Hotel Industry, International Journal of Information and Education Technology, Vol: 6, Issuse:5, 394-397. DOI: 10.7763/IJIET. 2016.V6.720.
ALI, A & Salman, HAITHEM, A. (2013). The importance of electronic commerce and its obstacles in the countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Journal of the Gulf economy, No:24.
ALAABDALY, A. (2011). E-commerce in Islamic countries (reality, hopes, challenges), The Third International Conference on Islamic Economics, Umm Al-Qura University, Saudi Arabia.
Shafiyah N. (2013). Review on Electronic Commerce, Middle East Journal of Scientific Research, 18(9).
TAHER, G. (2021). E-Commerce: Advantages and Limitations, E-Commerce: Advantages and Limitations. International Journal of Academic Research in Accounting Finance and Management Sciences, 11(1), 153-165.
BRIAN J. (2005). Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, Volume 2, Issue 3, ISSN 1567-4223.
MUTZ, D. (2005). Social Trust and E-Commerce: Experimental Evidence for the Effects of Social Trust on Individuals’ Economic Behavior, Public Opinion Quarterly, VO 69, IS 3, Doi: 10.1093/poq/nfi029.
NEMAT, R. (2011). Looking at Different Types of E-commerce, world Applied programming, 1(2).
ABDOLLAHI, G. (2011). A Classification for Business Model Types in E-commerce, AMCIS 2011 Proceedings - All Submissions, University of Applied Sciences Northwestern Switzerland.
Abdollahi, A. (2010). Factors affecting marketing and electronic commerce, Journal of Economy and Society, Issue 6.
LIM, H. & DUBINSKY, A. (2004). Consumers' perceptions of e‐shopping characteristics: an expectancy‐value approach, Journal of Services Marketing, Vol. 18 No. 7, pp. 500-513.
OECD. (2019). Unpacking E-commerce: Business Models, Trends and Policies, OECE, Paris, France.
Traver, C& Laudon, K. (2016). E-Commerce 2014: Business, Technology and Society, Pearson Education, 2016, United Kingdom.
Lusege, F. (2014). Challenges facing by organization using e-commerce in their business Practice in Botswana, Journal of Basic and Applied Engineering Research, Vol: 1, No:6, ISSN:2350-0255.
Laisuzzam, et al. (2010). The Framework for Implementing E-Commerce: The Role of Bank and Telecom in Bangladesh, Journal of Telecommunications, Vol:1, Issuse:1.
Deborne, L. (2019). Challenges Faced by S&SEA e-Commerce Providers, CUTS International, Geneva, Switzerland.
Shahjee, R. (2016). The Impact of E-Commerce on Business Organization, Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies, Vol:4.
Reddy, N& Divekar, B. (2014). A Study of Challenges Faced by E-commerce Companies in India and Methods Employed to Overcome Them, Procedia Economics and Finance, Science Direct, Volume 11, 2014, Pages 553-560.
ALBAYATI, S. (2009). The economic importance of e-commerce and the possibility of its application in Iraq, AL-Mustansiriyah journal for Arab and international studies, Volume 1, Issue 27, Pages 255-281.
Najm B& Jaafar, I. (2009). The role of electronic commerce in activating the activities of companies, a study of a sample of Iraqi companies, Journal of Economic Sciences, Issue 24, Vol: 6.
Alrawi, M. (2017). E-commerce in Iraq between reality and challenges, Conference on Governance and Economic Development at the University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
Al-taie, M &Kadhim, A. (2013), factors disrupting a successful implementation of e-commerce in Iraq, Baghdad University Journal of Economic Sciences, Issue 2, Volume 1.
Al-Qaisi, H, 2017, E-commerce and its legal problems, A seminar, Al-Mustansiriya University, College of Law, Department of Legal Studies.
Kishor, P. (2021). Digital Marketing Method is Preferred by the people due to impact corona virus in the Ahmednagar, International Journal of Environmental Economic, Commerce and Education management, Vol8, Issuse6, ISSN:2384-814X.
Jean-Pierre D & Peter E. (2019). Digital marketing, Handbook of the Economics of Marketing, North-Holland, Volume 1, Pages 259-290, ISSN 2452-2619, ISBN 9780444637598.
Al-Attar, F & Alshamary, A. (2017). Digital marketing and its role in enhancing the mental image of the organization, Iraqi Journal of Administrative Sciences, No. 54, Volume 13,
Anna M, Demetris V, Michael C. (2020). The Gold Rush of Digital Marketing: Assessing Prospects of Building Brand Awareness Overseas, Business Perspectives and Research Article, Volume: 8 issues:1.
Graham, E; Rhonda C & Terri M. (2021). Digital Marketing to Promote Healthy Weight Gain Among Pregnant Women in Alberta: An Implementation Study, Journal of medical internet research.
Marjolein V. & Mike B. (2019). Digital Marketing Fundamentals from Strategy to ROI 1st edition, Noord Hoff Groningen/ Utrecht, Breda University of Applied Sciences, Breda, Netherlands.
Tetiana G& Yana O. (2016). Digital Marketing and its role in Modern Business Processes, European cooperation Vol. 11(18) 2016.
Durakbasa N & Gencyilmaz M. G. (2018). Data Mining in Digital Marketing, Proceedings of the International Symposium for Production Research 2018, pp. 44–61
K. Yan, S. Wang, S. Wang & Y. Lin, (2011). Application of Data Mining for Enterprise Digital Marketing Strategy Making," Third International Conference on Communications and Mobile Computing, 2011, pp. 509-512, Doi: 10.1109/CMC.2011.29.
Bizhanova, K, Arafat I, Akmaral, O &Aziza K. (2019). impact of digital marketing development on entrepreneurship, Innovative Technologies in Environmental Science and Education E3S Web of Conferences, Volume 135.
Basr, S& Ku Daud, K. (2020). The Impact of Purchasing Behavior towards Digital Marketing in Kangar, Perlis, international Journal of Business and management, Vol:5, Issuse4.
Tiewul, M. (2020). Factors Influencing Digital Marketing and Digital Payment on Consumer Purchase Behavior. International Journal of Applied Research in Management and Economics, 3(3), 39-45.
Al-Hakim, L& Al-Hammy, Z. (2017). Digital Marketing and its Role in Achieving Customer Happiness, Al-Ghari Journal of Economic and Administrative Sciences, Volume 13, Issue 3.
Fereshteh, G, Mohammad, R& Abbas, R. (2017). Identifying and assessing the factors affecting skill gap in digital marketing in communication industry companies.
Chandra, A. (2021). What is Digital Marketing & Why do you need Digital Strategy, Build Your Business, Branding, Integrated & Digital Marketing consultant and Founder of Brand Loom Consulting.
Afrina, Y, Sadia T.& Kaniz F. (2015). Effectiveness of Digital Marketing in the Challenging Age: An Empirical Study, International Journal of Management Science and Business Administration, Volume 1, Issue 5, April 2015, Pages 69-80.
V Kuberappa, Y.., & HS Kumar, A. (2016). Comparative Assessment of Digital and Traditional Marketing Approaches. Biology, Engineering, Medicine and Science Reports, 2(2), 71–74.
Sandeep, P & Arjita J. (2019). Digital Marketing: Concepts & Aspects, International Journal of Advanced Research (IJAR), Volume 7, Issue 2, ISSN: 2320-5407.
Todor, R. (2016). Blending traditional and digital marketing. Bulletin of the Transylvania University of Brasov. Series V: Economic Sciences, 51-56.
S, Veleva & A, Tsvetanova. (2020). Characteristics of the digital marketing advantages and disadvantages, IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, Volume 940, International Scientific Conference "Digital Transformation on Manufacturing, Infrastructure and Service" 21-22 November 2019, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation.
Arsath, M. (2018). Social Media Marketing: Advantage and Disadvantage, Shanlax International Journal of Management, Vol:16, No:1.
Choe, J. (2017). The Classification of Types of Business-to-Business Electronic Commerce: A Framework construction, Journal of Information and Organizational Sciences, Vol:41, No:1.
Rane, N, Choudhary, S & Rane, J. (2024). Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Business-to- Business (B2B) Sales and Marketing: A Review, International Journal of Data Science and Big Data Analytics, DOI - 10.51483/IJDSBDA.4.1.2024.17-33.
Pavlyukevich, E.& Sadov, K. (2024). Innovation of business models in B2C and B2B online education segments in the USA, Economics and Management, Vol: 30, DOI - 10.35854/1998-1627-2024-3-364-382.
Raki, S. (2021), B2B Branding in the Business-to-Business Context: A Literature Review, Journal of Innovative Research in Management Sciences, DOI - 10.62270/jirms.vi.7
O’Quinn, T, Lybarger, K, Ibendahl, G, Vaughan, & Kwon, J. (2023). A survey of Kansas beef producers and consumers who participate in business-to-consumer (B2C) marketing of beef, Translational Animal Science, Vol:7.
Kodali, S. (2019). Must have e-commerce Features, Road Map: the retail e-commerce playbook, Forrester Research Inc, Cambridge, MA 02140, United States.
Wen, P., Tao, L., & Zhang, Q. (2023, July). Identification of Consumer Factors that Influence Purchase Intention in Online C2C Second-Hand Transactions. In International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction (pp. 380-387). Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland. DOI:10.1007/978-3-3-031-49215-0_45
Gu, Wei, Luo, Jing, Yu, X, Zhang, W& Li, B. (2023). Dynamic decisions between sellers and consumers in online second-hand trading platforms: Evidence from C2C transactions, Transportation Research Part E Logistics and Transportation Review, Vol:177, Doi:10.1016/j.tre.2023.103257
Morcov, S& Puiu, A. (2023). Implementation of a Business-to-Government (B2G) Sales Analytics Tool –Hermix, Vol:12, Economic Insights – Trends and Challenges, DOI:10.51865/EITC.2023.04.05
Yan, S, Lee, & Josephson, B. (2023). The effect of customer asset strategies on acquisition performance in business-to-government markets, Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, VOL:52, Doi: 10.1007/s11747-023-00955-1
Garry, T. (2018). Business-to-Consumer (B2C) Marketing, University of Otago Department of Marketing. DOI: 10.1057/978-1-137-00772-8_22
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Articles submitted to the journal should not have been published before in their current or substantially similar form or be under consideration for publication with another journal. Please see JEAS originality guidelines for details. Use this in conjunction with the points below about references, before submission i.e. always attribute clearly using either indented text or quote marks as well as making use of the preferred Harvard style of formatting. Authors submitting articles for publication warrant that the work is not an infringement of any existing copyright and will indemnify the publisher against any breach of such warranty. For ease of dissemination and to ensure proper policing of use, papers and contributions become the legal copyright of the publisher unless otherwise agreed.
The editor may make use of Turnitin software for checking the originality of submissions received.