Spending on Education And Its Impact on Poverty Alleviation in Iraq For The Period (2004 – 2021)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33095/wgk85d62Keywords:
: Educational Spending , Social Poverty, Education , Poverty Alleviation.Abstract
The research aimed to find out the role of spending on education in alleviating poverty in Iraq for the period (2021_2004) and developing appropriate solutions to alleviate poverty, as well as the research sought to measure the role of spending on education in Iraq during the selected period of (2021_2004), based on the premise that although the percentage of current spending of public spending is large, the percentage of spending on education is small, so its contribution was weak in alleviating poverty in Iraq, As the spending on education in Iraq during the research period was affected by many shocks and critical and difficult conditions, the most important of which is the fluctuation of oil prices and the long wars against terrorism, as well as the Corona virus, all of this had an impact on oil prices and therefore public expenditures in Iraq are primarily related to oil prices because they are the first financier of public spending in Iraq, and the result is that what is directed to spending on education is little and did not contribute significantly to poverty alleviation in Iraq , Where the analytical method and the standard method were used in data analysis.
Paper type: Research paper
Downloads
References
Abd Elqadir, N.M. , Khalaf, A.H. , Mohsen, M.Z. (2015) " Poverty and education in Iraq: reality and challenges" Al-Fatih joumal , Iraq , VOI.11, NO.64, PP. 311-332 .
Al-Abadi, S.N. (2006) "Good Governance in Light of the Human Development Needs in Iraq, Al-Ghari" Journal for Economic and Administrative Sciences, Vol. 1, No. 5, pp. 56- 72 .
Al-Fares, A. (2001) "Poverty and Income Distribution in the Arab World" Center for Arab Unity Studies , Lebanon , p 3 .
Al-Hosary, T.F. (2007) "The Social Effects of Economic Reform Programs, Unemployment, Poverty and Inequality in Income Distribution" Al-Asriya Library , Egypt p , p 24 .
Ali, A.A. (2002) "Poverty and its measurement indicators" Arab Planning Institute , Kuwait , p 8 .
Ali, A.A. (2005) "The prevalence of poverty and its impact on the vulnerability of women in the Arab countries" Arab Planning Institute , Kuwait , p 17 .
Ali, M. F. S. A. and Ainid, A. R. (2021) “The poverty crisis and strategies to confront it through the development of subsidies: applied research in the Women’s Welfare Department in Diyala for the period (2015-2017)” Journal of Business Economics for Applied Research, Iraq,(Special - Part 2),p9.
Amire, C. M. (2020). Impact of Health and Education Expenditure on Poverty Alleviation in Nigeria. Caleb University International Journal of Development Studies (CIJDS), Vol.3, No.1.pp.199-213.
Arab Organization for Agricultural Development (2009) "Study of Poverty Trends and Indicators in the Arab Countries" League of Arab States , Khartoum , p 42 .
Atwi, A. (2004) "Population and Human Development" Cairo, Arab Renaissance , Egypt .
Awan, M. S., Malik, N., Sarwar, H., and Waqas, M. (2011). Impact of education on poverty reduction, No. 31826 , pp.1-11.
Azim, H.A. (1995) "Poverty of peoples between positive economics and Islamic economics" Academy of Administrative Sciences , Egypt , p 37 .
Celikay,F. and Gumus, E. (2020) " The effect of social spending on reducing poverty" International Journal of Social Economics, Turkey, Vol. 44 No. 5, 2017,pp. 620-632 .
Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA) (2013) "Inequality Matters , Report of the World Social Situation 2013" United Nations , p 48 .
Estes, R. J., & Tiliouine, H. (2014). Development trends in Islamic societies: From collective wishes to concerted actions. Social Indicators Research , pp. 67-114 .
Hammadi , A. H. (2015) "Analysis of policies to tackle poverty in Iraq and the national strategy proposed" Anba University Journal of Economic and Administrative Sciences , Iraq , VOI.7, NO.13,PP. 158-177 .
Hassan, W.A.R. (2013) "Losses in Human Development and Measuring the International Poverty Index" Al-Hamid House and Library for Publishing and Distribution , Amman , p 102 .
Hassanein ,A.G. (2013) "Administrative Reform and a Course in Poverty Eradication" Arab Group for Training and Publishing , Egypt , p 44 .
Iraq, National Report on the State of Human Development 2008 (2009) , Baghdad , p 19 .
Jaafar, A.A. (2010) "Population and the degree of disadvantaged in the governorates" Ministry of Planning, Department of Studies and Research, Iraq , p 4 .
Jensen,E.(2015) " Poverty and Education " National Center for Translation and Publishing , Egypt , p 16 .
Lahleh, T. and Jassas, M. (2010) "Economic Reforms and Poverty Reduction Policy in Algeria" Law and Human Sciences for Publishing and Distribution , Algeria , p 174 .
Lipton, M. and Ravallion, M. (1993) "Poverty and Policy" The World Bank , p 3 .
LIU, J. (2019). Impact of public educational expenditure on poverty in China (Doctoral dissertation, KDI School) , pp.1-33.
Manzur, M.M. (2016) "Lisan Al Arab" Dar Al-Maaref , Egypt , p 3444 .
Milan, S. (1995) "Poverty in Rich Countries" Jamahiriya House for Publishing, Distribution and Advertising , Libya , p 37 .
Ministry of Planning, Central Bureau of Statistics (2010) "National Analytical Report of the Millennium Development Goals" , Iraq , p 42 .
Mustafa, A. M. A. (2020) " The relationship between poverty and economic growth as applied to the Egyptian case during the period (1999/2000-2017/2018)" Scientific Journal of Economics and Trade, Egipt, VOI.3, NO.50 , pp. 503-546.
Ospina,M.(2010).The effect of social spending on income inequality: An analysis for Latin American countries.Center for Research in Economics and Finance(CIEF),Working Papers,pp.1-28 .
Salatnieh, B. and Samia, H. (2008) "Violence and Poverty in Algerian Society" Dar Al-Fajr for Publishing and Distribution , Jordan , p 83 .
Sardar, A.S. (2015) "Poverty Economy and Income Distribution" Dar Al-Raya for Publishing and Distribution , Jordan , p 31 .
SESRIC (2010) "Education and Scientific Development in OIC Member Countries" The Statistical Economic and Social Research and Training Centre for Islamic Countries (SESRIC) , p 1 .
Sophie, A. (2020) " Economic and social policies used to reduce poverty in Algeria" Social Empowerment Magazine, Iraq, VOI.2, NO.3, PP.108-121 .
Soubbotina, T. P., & Sheram, K. (2000). Beyond economic growth: Meeting the challenges of global development. World Bank Publications , p 37 .
UNESCO (2012) Youth and Skills "Education for Work" United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization , p 229 .
Wahb, A. (1996) "Characteristics of Poverty and Economic Crises in the Third World" Dar Al-Fikr Al-Liban , Beirut , p 140 .
Xie, X., Sarntisart, S., and Uddin, M. N. (2023). The Impact of Education Investment on Regional Poverty Alleviation, Dynamic Constraints, and Marginal Benefits: A Case Study of Yunnan’s Poor Counties. Economies, VOI . 11, NO. 2 , pp .1-20 .
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Articles submitted to the journal should not have been published before in their current or substantially similar form or be under consideration for publication with another journal. Please see JEAS originality guidelines for details. Use this in conjunction with the points below about references, before submission i.e. always attribute clearly using either indented text or quote marks as well as making use of the preferred Harvard style of formatting. Authors submitting articles for publication warrant that the work is not an infringement of any existing copyright and will indemnify the publisher against any breach of such warranty. For ease of dissemination and to ensure proper policing of use, papers and contributions become the legal copyright of the publisher unless otherwise agreed.
The editor may make use of Turnitin software for checking the originality of submissions received.
How to Cite
How to use the OJS system 
